Born in Ulm, Germany, Albert Einstein showed an early curiosity for mathematics and physics. In 1905, while working at the Swiss Patent Office, he published groundbreaking papers that revolutionized science, including the special theory of relativity. He later received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 for his explanation of the photoelectric effect. Einstein spent much of his later life in the United States, teaching at Princeton University and advocating for peace, human rights, and scientific progress. His legacy continues to inspire generations of thinkers worldwide.